The wide range of types of insurance, which reflect the number of dangers to which we are exposed as well as the need to transfer these risks to others, is proof of the necessity and importance of the existence of insurance institutes. A significant part of insurance consists of property insurance, which protects the contractor's property from numerous dangers. An earthquake is one of the most destructive dangers to which property can be exposed, so this type of insurance is extremely important, but also complex. Consequently, there are various public and private earthquake insurance systems that we can find in the world. Its representation will depend on the exposure of a particular area to earthquake risk as well as the type of insurance system in a particular country. In most countries of the world, including the Republic of Croatia, there is a problem of low representation of property insurance, as well as earthquake insurance. The importance of earthquake insurance in the Republic of Croatia increased with the earthquakes that hit the area of Zagreb and its surroundings and Petrinja and its surroundings in 2020. The consequences of these earthquakes affected the growth of all parameters of earthquake insurance as well as the awareness of citizens about the risk of earthquakes. Due to the importance and topicality of this topic, the paper presents the main characteristics of earthquake insurance, a comparison of different earthquake insurance systems, and its representation. A qualitative survey of insurers and consumers' perceptions of earthquake insurance in the Republic of Croatia was conducted using the interview method, which confirmed the thesis about the low level of awareness of citizens about earthquake risk, as well as the existence of great room for growth in this type of insurance.