There is a growing awareness in professional circles and among the general public of the influence of reading comprehension on an individual's academic success and social integration. Due to limited access to spoken language and the effects of language deprivation, individuals with hearing loss face particular challenges in language acquisition, reading and consequently reading comprehension. In view of the great heterogeneity in the reading comprehension competence of deaf and hard of hearing students, the question arises: What factors influence the successful acquisition of reading comprehension skills in deaf and hard of hearing students? Do the factors that influence reading comprehension differ significantly between people with and without hearing impairments? An attempt will be made to answer these and other questions by reviewing important and relevant findings from the domestic and international literature on reading comprehension in deaf and hard of hearing people. The ways in which people with hearing loss process and utilize different language structures and information when reading can help to develop better educational strategies and interventions for more effective reading comprehension. Finally, effective strategies and methods for improving reading comprehension skills will be presented to support full educational potential of deaf and hard-of-hearing indivuduals.