In the thesis Graffiti as a sign of vandalism and/or street art - challenges of community prevention are presented possibilities of preventing illegal graffiti in modern society, where they appear as a part of everyday life and ingrained way of expressing one part of the youth population. The aim of the text is to, not only point out the challenges which occur in the prevention of illegal graffiti, but also the potential that graffiti as a medium is offering. This thesis covers the basic theoretical knowledge about the types of graffiti, graffiti artists, provides a theoretical bases to explain the involvement of young people in such behavior, explains the legal framework in terms of graffiti, explains the difference between illegal and legal graffiti as well as the difference between graffiti as vandalism and graffiti as art, provides a theoretical basis for preventive action, presents examples of repressing and preventing illegal graffiti and points out the challenges that occur while preventing illegal graffiti in the community. Challenges are defined by conducting a SWOT analysis for the prevention of illegal graffiti, based on knowledge gathered from the literature and practice examples in the world. Complexity and lack of clarity in the area of graffiti, indicates the need for additional efforts in their study and finding the appropriate ways of responding to the problem of illegal graffiti. The presented examples show the need for a systematic and comprehensive action at the community level and the need for active participation of all parties affected by the problem of illegal graffiti. Besides the negative side that is attributed to graffiti, graffiti has the potential to be used in positive purposes and that is something we have to work on.