The aim of this thesis is to create an overview of important knowledge related to the application of puppets and puppetry in working with children. Although the puppet is recognized as an important medium and tool in working with children, there is no clear overview of its wide use, especially through the Croatian literature. It is difficult to find certain aspects, such as its therapeutic effects and possible applications in that area. The thesis seeks to answer questions about the ways the puppet can be used as a tool in prevention and treatment of certain behavioral problems, but also to promote the positive development and mental health. In doing so, the thesis considers its wide application in many helper professions including social pedagogy. From child's birth, its puppet is one of the key link with the outside world. In the first years of life, it is the association of a safe home and mother's protection and comfort in an unfamiliar and new situations. It soon becomes the principal instrument in the solo game, but also with other children. Through pre-school and school period, the puppet can have many roles and functions and is the wellspring of creativity, and their representation in children's lives depends on educators and teachers, who can introduce different puppet facilities. The puppet in a therapeutic sense, provides an opportunity for the child to show feelings in relation to a significant person with whom it associated. In this way, the puppet provides physical and psychological safety and enables greater self-expression. The child can express aggression or love for puppets, without fear of punishment or rejection. It offers the possibility of better understanding the child, renovation or building a relationship with him, and for the child, it encourages tolerance, emotional intelligence and empathy, develops richer metaphorical thinking, expression, imagination and creativity.