Forensic acoustics and phonetics is a relatively new interdisciplinary area that determines relevant facts in court proceedings by encompassing technical, biomedical, humanities and social sciences. This review paper shows one of the areas that forensic acoustics and phonetics covers, and that is speaker identification. Invention of sound recording and reproduction equipment, various tools for acoustic voice manipulation and the spectrogram are key events that made the speaker identification what it is today. Experts in the areas of phonetics, linguistics, voice and speech pathology or (electro)acoustics can perform voice comparisons with the goal of speaker identification but everything under the set of rules that the International Association for Forensic Phonetics and Acoustics (IAFPA) dictates. Two methods of voice and speech assessment intertwine and complement each other, subjective/auditive and objective/acoustic. In recent years great attention in this area is given to the question: Is our voice truly unique like our fingerprint. The question of voice uniqueness ties to itself the descriptions of acoustic voice characteristics (F0, jitter, shimmer, formants) and speech characteristics (articulation, resonance, prosody, language characteristics) that make our voice and speech recognizable, and on the other hand all other characteristics that can influence its variability (stress, emotions, demographics, medical condition) also including speech pathology disorders. In Croatia there are no permanent court experts in this area, nor is there a specialized establishment, thus there are no set norms or procedures. Even though the number of felonies that could be solved by using expert testimony in this area is increasing, there are only a handful of individuals who perform these services in Croatia. Therefore the goal of this paper is to show the today’s status of forensic acoustics and phonetics in the area of voice and speech expertise through an overview of current scientific papers, together with the possibilities, limitations and novelties in this area.