| Sažetak | Iako je primjena pĉelarstva i apiterapije poznata i predstavljena već od davnina, terapijski uĉinak rada s pĉelama u podruĉju poboljšanja kvalitete ţivota i dalje je slabo razmatran. Stoga je cilj ovog istraţiavnja bio ispitati utjecaj pĉelarenja i apiterapije na pojedine aspekte kvalitete ţivota (zdravlje, materijalno blagostanje, psihološko blagostanje i socijalni odnosi) u osoba starije ţivotne dobi i osoba s invaliditetom kao i utvrĊivanje razlika u dobivenim rezultatima s obzirom na kronlošku dob i prisutnost invaliditeta meĊu sudionicima istraţivanja. U tu svrhu konstruiran je i primjenjen anketni upitnik koji ukljuĉuje procjenu sociodemografskih podataka, zdravstvenog stanja te doţivljaja pĉelarenja i apiterapije od strane sudionika istraţivanja a povezan s determinantama kvalitete ţivota (zdravlje, materijalno blagostanje, psihološko blagostanje i socijlni odnosi). Istraţivanje je provedeno na uzorku od 117 sudionika (83, 8% muškaraca i 13,7% ţena), prosjeĉne kronološke dobi 50,74 godine (raspon od 21 do 93 godine). 95 ispitanika je bilo mlaĊe od 65 godina, a 22 ispitanika ima 65 ili više godina. U istraţivanju je sudjelovalo 41% ispitanika bez teškoća te 59% s nekom vrstom teškoća. Rezultati dobiveni u istraţivanju pokazali su da ispitanici procjenjuju pĉelarstvo opuštajuće (89,7%), kao oblik tjelesne aktivnosti (76,9%), te kao bijeg od svakodnevnih problema (81,2%). 82,1% ispitanika koristi vlastite pĉelinje proizvode za prevenciju ali i za lijeĉenje. TakoĊer je 71,8% ispitanika naglasilo da pĉelarstvo podrţava njihovu socijlanu komunikaciju (interakciju). Neki ispitanici (30,7%) bavili su se pĉelarstvom iz financijskih razloga. Ispitanici mlaĊi od 40 godina bili su znatno više ukljuĉeni u pĉelartsvo zbog financijskih razloga nego ispitanici u dobi od 41 do 55 godina (p=0,011), dok stariji ispitanici (56-70 godina) pĉelarstvo više doţivljavaju kao mjesto za druţenje i razmjenu iskustava u odnosu na mlaĊe ispitanike (mlaĊi od 40 godina). MlaĊe osobe s invaliditetom (mlaĊi od 40 godina) takoĊer ĉešće rade s pĉelama iz financijskih razloga u odnosu na starije osobe s invaliditeto (56-70 godina). Osobama starijim od 65 godina bez invaliditeta statistiĉki znaĉajno više boravak i rad s pĉelama sluţi kao oblik razgibavanja, odnosno fiziĉke aktivnosti u odnosu na osobe s invaliditetom starije od 65 godina (p=0,037). Deskriptivna analiza podataka pokazala je da bi pĉelartsvo moglo poboljšati opuštanje, zadovoljstvo, socijalne beneficije, financijske prihode, socijalne kontakte i fiziĉku aktivnost u starijih osoba i osoba s invaliditetom. Potrebno je provesti dodatna istraţivanja usmjerena na prepoznavanje specifiĉnih potreba sudionika ukljuĉenih u pĉelarstvo, kao i prilagodbu specifiĉnih pristupa i alata potrebnih za rad u pĉelinjaku. U skladu s tim nalazima moţe se osigurati odgovarajući program obrazovanja koji pridonosi boljem ukljuĉivanju starijih osoba i osoba s invaliditetom u svijet pĉelartsva i apiterapije. Ta podruĉja djelovanja mogu poboljšati psihološki, fiziĉki i zdravstveni status sudionika koji se moţe odraziti na poboljšanje kvalitete ţivota u ovih populacija. |
| Sažetak (engleski) | Although the use of beekeeping and apitherapy has been known and presented since ancient times the therapeutic effect of dealing with bees in the field of quality of life is still poorly considered. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the influence of beekeeping and apitherapy on certain aspects of quality of life (health, material wellbeing, psychological wellbeing and social relations) in elderly and persons with disabilities, as well as determining differences in the results considering age and the presence of disability among the research participants. For this purpose, a survey questionnaire that included assessment of sociodemographic data, health status and the experience of resarch participants about the influance of beekeping and apitherapy on certain aspects of quality of life was applied. The survey was carried out on a sample of 117 respondents (men 83,8%, women 13,7%), average age 50.74 years (range 21-93 years). 95 participants were under 65, and 22 were 65 or older. 59% of respondents had some kind of disabilities, such as visually impairments, hearing disabilities, physical disabilities, chronic diseases or mental disorders. Results obtained in this study showed that the respondents estimated beekeeping as relaxing (89,7 %), as a form of physical activity (76,9%), and as an escape from everyday problems (81,2 %). 82,1 % of respondents use own bee products in preventive or curative purpose. Also, 71,8% of respondents emphasized that beekeeping supports their social communication (interaction). Some respondents (30,7%) were included in beekeeping because of financial reasons. Respondents younger than 40 years were significantly more involved in beekeeping because of financial reasons than respondents aged 41-55 years (p = 0.003), while older respondents (56-70 years) are more likely to experience beekeeping as a place for socializing and sharing experiences in compare to younger subjects (younger than 40 years). Younger people with disabilities (younger than 40) also more often work with bees for financial reasons than older persons with disabilities (56-70 years). Persons older than 65 years without disabilities statistically significantly work more with bees as a form of physical activity compared to persons without disabilities older than 65 years (p = 0.037). Descriptive analysis of results indicated that beekeeping could improve relaxation, satisfaction, social benefits, financial income, social contacts and physical activity in elderly and persons with disabilities. Further studys should be done to recognize the specific needs of participants included in beekeeping, as well to adjustment specific approaches and tools needed to work. In accordance with these findings an appropriate education program could be provided contributing better inclusion of elderly and persons with disabilities in the world of beekeeping and apitherapy. These areas of activity can improve the psychological, physical and health status of the participants that also can be reflected in the improvement of the quality of life in this population. |
