Diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of a person suffering from a malignant disease is a complex problem area for the person as well as their social environment. The increasing advancement of medicine in today's world enables people rapid advance in treating the disease itself, but the goal of therapy is not just treating the disease and prolonging life but also facilitating psychological adjustment. Given that the quality of life of a person with malignant disease is considerably reduced, most of the physical, psychosocial, spiritual and professional dimensions need to be accessed from a psychosocial point of view. Psychosocial oncology as a scientific and applied discipline focuses on the study of psychological, social, behavioral and ethical aspects in the treatment of oncological patients, as well as preventative psycho-education programs in the general population Diagnosis of malignant illness affects not only the patient, but also his/her family. Facing a diagnosis is not easy or simple for anyone. It is common for family members to react differently after knowing the diagnosis, so it is of utmost importance, apart from the affected person, to provide support to families. The dynamics of the family is one of the predictors of quality of life, and it is often changed and disrupted. In particular, a parent-child relationship is considered when a child is suffering from malignant disease, as well as relationship with the partner in the event of a child's illness or one of the partners. If there are multiple children in the family and one has a history of malignant disease, it is often the case that a healthy kid remains neglected. That is why emphasis is also placed on the relationship between brothers and sisters in the case of a malignant illness of one child, but also the relationship between a healthy child and a parent. The impaired quality of life necessitates the reestablishment of the dynamics of the family in the form of adaptation of the affected person and their families by - psychological evaluation, counseling and therapy, as well as psycho-education of the medical staff. In this review work, the aim is to present contemporary research on the difficulties faced by oncological patients and their families; from diagnosing, treating, rehabilitating or palliative care, and improving the quality of life of a patient during all the difficulties that arise, especially regarded to changed family dynamics.