| Sažetak | Mucanje je poremećaj tečnosti govora kojeg karakteriziraju ponavljanja, produžavanja, oklijevanja, pauze i/ili blokade glasova, slogova i riječi. No mucanje ne narušava samo tečnost govora, njegov utjecaj je vidljiv i na psihosocijalnom i psihoemocionalnom području.
Nepredvidljivost kao i ostala obilježja mucanja stvaraju napetost koja se s vremenom pretvara u anksioznost i strah koji motivira osobe koje mucaju prema strategijama koje će ih lišiti stresora i neugode: izbjegavanje i „bježanje“ od situacija koje stvaraju stres, a što kao posljedicu sa sobom nosi smanjenu kvalitetu života i poteškoće na emocionalnom području.
Istraživanja su pokazala da se kod osoba koje mucaju pojavljuju emocije straha, srama, frustracije, ljutnje, krivnje, bijesa, neugode, ali i anksioznost koja je često razlog ulaska u terapiju mucanja. Na odnos emocija i mucanja promatra se kroz prizmu međusobnog utjecaja komponenti temperamenta: emocionalne regulacije i reaktivnosti i obilježja mucanja. Putem rezultata bihevioralnih i psihofizioloških metoda istraživanja i procjene emocija kod mucanja, te izvještaja skrbnika otkrivena je povećana razina negativne emocionalne reaktivnosti prije i za vrijeme netečnosti u govoru, često udružena sa smanjenom emocionalnom regulacijom, i to nakon izlaganja pozitivnim emocionalnim stanjima. Nadalje, pretpostavlja se da povećana emocionalna reaktivnost sa smanjenom emocionalnom regulacijom odvraća pažnju osobe koja muca s procesa jezično-govornog planiranja i produkcije, potkrepljuje netečnosti u govoru te predstavlja rizik za perzistentnost mucanja. |
| Sažetak (engleski) | Stuttering is a speech fluency disorder characterised by repetitions, prolongations, hesitations, pauses and/or blocks of phonemes, syllables and words. Stuttering doesn't just disrupt the fluency of speech, but it also has visible impact on the pyschosocial and psycho-emotional domain. Unpredictability, among with other characteristics of stuttering creates the tension which with time turns into anxiety and fear that drives people who stutter toward shame and discomfort reducing strategies: avoidance and „escaping“ from stress-inducing situations.
This consequently reduces the quality of life and creates emotional difficulties. Studies have shown that in persons who stutter, emotions such as fear, shame, frustration, anger, guilt, rage, and discomfort appear. However, it is anxiety that is often the main reason to enter therapy for stuttering. The relation between emotions and stuttering is viewed through the prism of mutual influence of temperament components: emotion regulation, emotional reactivity and characteristics of stuttering. Through the results of behavioral and psychophysiological methods of research and evaluation of emotions in stuttering, and through the caregiver reports, increased level of negative emotional reactivity is revealed, before and during the disfluency in speech, and is frequently associated with reduced emotion regulation, especially after being exposed to positive emotional state. Furthermore, it is hypothesized that increased emotional reactivity with reduced emotion regulation distracts a person who stutters from the processes of speech and language planning and production, corroborates disfluencies in speech and presents the risk for persistence of stuttering. |
