The aim of this study was to examine the relationships between interoception, anxiety and anxiety sensitivity (AS) in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and healthy individuals and their effects on the quality of life of the affected individuals. The research was conducted as part of the scientific project "Cognitive-affective and behavioural determinants of irritable bowel syndrome”. The sample consisted of 66 subjects diagnosed with IBS (11 men and 55 women), outpatients of Clinical Hospital Centre Rijeka and Clinical Hospital Sveti Duh in Zagreb, age range 21 to 80. The healthy control sample consisted of 84 respondents (19 men and 65 women) who, in terms of age, gender, level of education, marital and work status, corresponded to the sample of patients with IBS. In the first and third stage of investigation, patients with IBS filled out questionnaires in small groups in the hospital and approached the task of testing interoception, while in the second stage they independently filled in a symptom monitoring diary for two weeks. Participants in the control sample took part in the research in only one stage. The results showed a statistically significant difference in the level of trait anxiety and anxiety sensitivity between patients with IBS and healthy participants, with significantly higher levels of trait anxiety and AS in IBS patients than healthy participants. Furthermore, no significant difference in interoceptive accuracy was found between IBS patients and healthy controls. It was shown that interoceptive accuracy is not a statistically significant moderator of the relationship between trait anxiety and quality of life, as well as of the relationship between AS and quality of life in the sample of patients with IBS. In addition, it was shown that trait anxiety and AS are significant predictors of quality of life of patients with IBS. This research provides support for previous findings highlighting the importance of the role of various aspects of anxiety in patients with IBS and offers preliminary results on the role of interoception in IBS. These findings can serve as a guideline for future research, given that the characteristics of interoception in patients with IBS are still an under-researched area.