In this MA thesis, I review the Roman rule of Egypt from Augustus to Diocletian. Taking into account the literary sources and literature, I have discussed crucial political, military, social and economic aspects of Roman rule in Egypt. I have dealt with the thematic issues in a interdisciplinary and a multiperspective way. In this thesis I have tried to make an overview of crucial events, people and social processes. This thesis in it's main part which is named Egypt from Augustus to Diocletian is subdivided into seven parts: Literary sources, Brief historic view of events in Egypt and the relations between Rome and Egypt during the time of the Late Roman Republic, Administration, Economy, Religion, The army, wars and rebellions which is rounded up with Demography and the status of men and women in Roman Egypt . I have discussed that with the Roman conquest of Egypt has started a new era in it's history, although some continuites have remained such as the most of the administrative system. Moreover, I have discussed the process of Romanization along with the process of Hellenization which was another continuity from the previous era. I have also shown the importance of grain delivery from Egypt to other parts of the Roman Emire as an economic factor. The influence of social control done by the Romans was present in everyday life of the local people. That fact manifested in religion, in controlling the area by the army and by widening the gap between the rich and the poor. Ethnic animosity along with other factors contributed to a largy variety of rebellions which were almost always brutally extinguished by the Roman army. The status of men and women in Roman Egypt was tough outside the priviled groups of society, especially for illegitimate children and the picture of the romanticised ancient society is far from the reality of living in Roman Egypt.