The paper is divided in two parts: the literary and linguistic one. In the literary part customs and beliefs that have been previously discussed by the respondents were stated. Each description of customs, which were divided in this paper into secular and religious type, was confirmed by what the respondents said about the topic. Furthermore, the part describing the beliefs of the islanders was treated in the same way. The linguistic part explored the linguistic features of the Lastovo dialect on the phonological, morphological, syntactic and lexical level of language, on the basis of the recorded discourse. In the section dealing with phonological characteristics, vowel, consonant and system of accents were analyzed, while in the part dealing with the morphology variable and invariable parts of speech, along with their specificities in the Lastovo dialect, were shown. Also, this paper analyzes the syntactic features of the Lastovo dialect and with the dictionary of less known words the lexicon is presented. On the basis of what was analyzed in the linguistic part it can be concluded that Lastovo dialect belongs to chakavian dialect, but nevertheless the effects of shtokavian dialect in certain segments are visible. Most likely, this is due to the fact that there are increasing cases of young people leaving for further education where they encounter the same. Moreover, there is a large number of Italian terms present in the Lastovo dialect as a result of the long-lasting Italian rule on the island. Since customs, beliefs and language are indispensable when it comes to the preservation of the identity and culture of a place, this paper shows even their mutual inseparability. Due to the distance of the island, customs, beliefs and language have retained its uniqueness to this day maybe with much ease than places closer to the mainland. However this paper shows that with time the occasional changes and impacts in all three components were still inevitable.