In this master's thesis we attempted to determine whether the correlation between nihilism and the poetry of Tadeusz Różewicz (1921 – 2014) exists. Tadeusz Różewicz was one of the most influential poets in Polish post-war literature, but also in modern Polish literature overall. Considering that some of the most recurring themes in the poet's work were observations on the loss of traditional values in the world following the greatest catastrophe in modern human history, loss of faith, the thematization of death, and confronting the feeling of survivor's guilt, it might initially seem that Różewicz is almost certainly a nihilist. However, through analysis and interpretation of selected poems, we will attempt to verify if this is indeed the case. We will also comment on the polemic that accompanied the poet throughout almost seven decades of work – whether Różewicz is a nihilist or a moralist. Furthermore, by providing a brief biography with historical and societal context, we will try to explain why Różewicz wrote poetry in the manner he did, citing characteristic features of the poet's oeuvre with the aim of better understanding the poetry of one of the most prominent representatives of the Generation of Columbuses.