Artificial Intelligence is a system capable of completing a variety of tasks, such as visual recognition and decision-making, which require the ability to adapt to new situations. It was created in the middle of the last century and has since started to develop within a multitude of areas, with new ways of its usage being found regularly, ranging from pattern recognition and knowledge display to assistance in everyday situations. One of the areas in which Artificial Intelligence is currently being used is medicine, not only as a mediator between patients and doctors, but also as an independent system with the ability to diagnose and provide adequate support. Furthermore, its presence in surgery is becoming more frequent as well. This paper enumerates the ways in which Artificial Intelligence learns and analyses how it can be tested before being applied, while taking into consideration its negative sides. The possible issues described in the paper are mostly related to ethical questions, such as autonomy and privacy, but also include criminal law in case of system failure or other possible irregularities. While discussing the implementation of AI within several areas, this work highlights its present use in medicine, along with plans for its future.