This paper seeks to point to work as one of the key human activities that necessarily affects and changes the individual, the relationship between work and the wider social order, and the impact of work on the psyche of the individual. The analysis will be limited to post-industrial societies, i.e. the western world. In the context of the paper, the discussion will focus on the change of working conditions and the very paradigm shift of work that has arisen from the technological progress of the 20th century. The discussion on social organization and the impact on the work will be contained in the framework of the discussion on semiocapitalism and the information society, emphasizing similar and related concepts. The reexamination of the psyche will be limited to psychoanalytic and Marxist analysis in the context of mental illness in modern times, i.e. the way in which production and social structures that are primarily economically conditioned affect the individual's psyche and ultimately cause mental difficulties. Finally, relevant ethical concepts such as happiness and freedom will be highlighted, and their relationship with work and the psyche and potential changes in their understanding that have occurred in today’s (post) modern society will be examined. It will try to point out how the capitalist mode of production and other mechanisms changed with the transition from industrial society to post-industrial society and how these changes manifested themselves and what impact they had on basic ethical conceptions, which are often accepted as objectively given, and to the individual himself, his psyche and his relationship with himself and society.