The aim of the study was to examine the proportion of first-time mothers who are dissatisfied with their body after childbirth, differences between first-time mothers who are dissatisfied or satisfied with their body according to physical measures of appearance, pregnancy characteristics, sociocultural attitudes towards body appearance, partner's comments and importance of physical appearance and to examine which factors may predict body dissatisfaction, i.e. which factors may act as risk and protective factors on body image after pregnancy. 109 participants, aged 19 to 40 years, were involved in this study. The data were collected from women who came for postpartum examinations at the Clinic for Women's Diseases and Obstetrics at the Clinical Hospital Center "Sisters of Mercy" in Zagreb. The results have shown that 76.1% of the participants were dissatisfied with their own body after giving birth and that they differed in body mass index after birth, partner’s comments and acceptance of sociocultural attitudes towards body appearance compared to those satisfied with their own body. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that higher BMI after birth, negative partner’s comments, and acceptance of sociocultural attitudes towards body appearance were significant predictors of body dissatisfaction.