The aim of this qualitative research was to gain a more detailed insight and a better understanding of the various aspects of a parent's decision to refuse their own child's vaccination. A total of 8 mothers from several Croatian cities participated in the study. The data, obtained through a semi-structured interview, indicate the importance of an immediate and negative experience with vaccine side effects. Considering about refusing vaccinations lasts about a year on average, with pregnancy and the first few months postpartum proving to be the most important. The factors that prompted mothers to question vaccination were the perceived negative effects of vaccination on their close relatives or the characteristics of their own child. All that made them feel that the vaccine would not be appropriate for their child. Mothers question the efficacy of vaccines for infectious diseases, point out concerns about combinating vaccines, and believe that autism and vaccines are interlinked. Regarding the relationship with the pediatrician, mentioned mothers are mostly not satisfied with the amount and quality of the information provided. They also express dissatisfaction with the procedure for recording vaccination side effects. In the work of pediatricians, mothers desire greater openness with argumentative and informed discussion and patience during their communication. In terms of information sources, mothers most often cite the Internet, other persons and books. Refusing to vaccinate one's own child is linked with fear, worry, potential guilt and anger at the system.