In this thesis the similarities and differences between Croatian and Chinese euphemisms in terms of historical development, themes, patterns of euphemization and functions are compared. Euphemisms in Chinese and Croatian have a common reason of emergence, namely taboos. In modern society, on the other hand, euphemisms are used for a new reason, which is to consider the feelings of others. Euphemisms in Chinese and Croatian deal with many common themes that can be divided into two groups: euphemisms related to personal life and social life. Under the influence of the different histories, cultures, and religious beliefs of the two countries, the specific use of euphemisms differs. As regard to the strategies of euphemization, there are many identical or similar strategies in terms of phonological, grammatical and lexical aspects as well as semantic changes. The two languages also have unique ways of euphemization due to their different linguistic features. Euphemisms in Croatian and Chinese have great similarities in their pragmatic functions as well. This thesis will try to fill the research gap in this field and contribute to the study of the characteristics of both languages, understanding of both cultures, and improving the cross-cultural communication between the two peoples.