Biocentrism was introduced into philosophical ethics relatively late, in the 20th century, primarily through the works of Fritz Jahr, who coined the term ‘bio-ethics’ and, following Kant’s categorical imperative, formulated his bio-ethical imperative. That philosophical position was soon forgotten. About fifty years later, it was renewed by European philosophers such as Hans Jonas and Arne Næss, together with many other philosophers of continental and analytical orientation. Albert Schweitzer’s position can also be considered as biocentric position. What is shared between all of them is the widening of the field of ethical reflection, which previously included the human kind exclusively, to animals, plants and the Planet as a whole. The critique of capitalistic consumerism that widely spends resources, which are common for all the mankind, also makes up an important part of biocentric thought, together with the expansion of accountability from the immediate present to future generations and general circumstances they will find thanks to our current attitude towards life and Planet.