Auditory memory is often neglected in many studies compared to visual memory, although it is just as important, if not more important. Without it, learning a foreignlanguage would be unimaginable and everyday functioning would be more difficul than we think. In the last two decades, auditory memory has been increasingly associated with school performance. Auditory memory is the basis of understanding in mathematical problems, acquisition of structures and greatly influences verbal tasks and dictations. This thesis deals with the research of theauditory memory of preschool children with normal hearing ability. The theoretical part of this thesis offers a brief overview of preschool child development and memory, its divisions and factors that influence it. Memory is the basis for every aspect of development, but it is also the result of the action of all aspects of a child's development. The experimental part aims to determine the level of auditory memory of preschool children and compare the auditory memory of boys and girls. The first task examines auditory memory through a word reproduction test, while the second examines it through a sentence reproduction test. The experiment results confirmed the hypothesis of better memory results in older children. Girls had better results than boys. In the word reproduction test, the most frequently forgotten words are at the end of the sequence and in the middle. This experiment aims to raise awareness of the importance of auditory memory and its training during preschool education.