The article contextualizes the work of the Polish writer Bruno Schulz (1892-1942), in particular his two collections of stories, Cinnamon Shops and A Sanatorium under a Clepsydra, within the development of the topos of the Book in the history of world literature. At the same time, two basic critical positions are formed in the history of reading, i.e. of critical interpretations of Schulz's work and the notion of the Book as the core of his ontology, aesthetics and poetics are discovered as producing a range of epistemes, from modernist symbolism to the tradition of Judaic philosophy and mythographic criticism. The second departs from the fundamental postulate of postmodernism, i.e. the dissemination of meaning and differentiation as the basic ontological principle of Schulz's world. On the basis of examples on which the multilayered use of the notion of the Book- growing into the topos of the Book-Nature, i.e. the meaning itself- is verified, the article concludes that the two interpretative traditions are not mutually exclusive, but mutually complementing and confirming, just as Schulz's central position in literature is confirmed by his basic position - marginality in relation to a mythologized Centre.