Psychoactive substances are compounds which affect function of central nervous system after consumption. They are illegal and their possession and consumption are prohibited by law (with minor exceptions). The analyses of such substances are performed in order to prove or suppress the existence of psychoactive components in samples or to prove possible toxicological poisoning of the organism. Chromatographic techniques are very widely applied analytical techniques. They allow separation of matter based on different components-movement through the stationary phase. Different types of chromatography have different characteristics. In combination with various detectors, the chromatography allows qualitative and quantitative description of the sample, making chromatography suitable for analysis of a wide range of analytical samples. The use of chromatographic methods in the analysis of psychoactive components is often applied due to simplicity, speed and relatively low analysis-cost; yet at the same time it provides excellent results. Also, chromatography can analyse samples of unknown composition that are most commonly found in drug analysis. This paper provides a review of the most common drugs (psychoactive substances) and chromatographic techniques used for their analysis.