Tissue engineering is a promising alternative to conventional methods in medicine. Within this interdisciplinary field, the goal is to find biomaterials compatible with the tissue targeting to replace and heal. Chitosan is a frequently used material with favorable properties, and it is easily transformed into various shapes or modified by proteins such as fibronectin, sequences such as RGD or cross-linking with other polymers. The goal of this work was to give a short review on chitosan's properties, its application and role in tissue engineering. Chitosan porous structures of high (HC) and medium (MC) molecular weight were prepared using freeze drying (FD) and freeze gelation (FG) methods. Samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, while swelling test was done in aqueous media for 24 hours at 37 °C. Freeze dried sponges were highly porous with interconnected pores throughout the whole volume of the sample. The lyophilized samples were additionally cut into two sections based on their structure – I (homogenous), II (non-homogenous). The membranes prepared by freeze gelation showed the existence of thin film on their surface, even though they seemed porous based on visual examination. All samples demonstrated good swelling degree, while the structures obtained by FD method were superior comparing to FG ones. ANOVA statistical analysis indicated that there was a significant difference between the samples within sections I and II of both molecular weights for the first method, while in the second, a difference between samples of various molecular weights has been noted.