In this thesis, Lidija Makarević has carried the short overwiev of an early language development of children, the development of speaking, reading and writing. Furthermore, she writes about reading and writing difficulties: dyslexia and dysgraphia, about symptoms and types of these difficulties, she observes and describes dyslexia and dysgraphia in teaching and in the Curriculum for primary school. In the middle part, the author recommends working material for teachers, writes about language exercises in teaching the Croatian language and suggests language exercises for the pupils with reading difficulties, so as for the pupils with writing difficulties. In the exploratory part she carries out the action research. The procedures of gathering data in the action reserach were: poll of seventy-nine students from Faculties of educational sciences in Slavonski Brod, Osijek and Zagreb, the interview with nine primary teachers and with two defectologist, photography, videos. The results of the poll and the interview helped her in the next step – implementation of Croatian language lesson in the class where is the pupil that has particular reading and writing diffilcuties. By this research she has showed that the education of students from Faculties of educational sciences and primary teachers, about reading and writing difficulties, is necessary. She recommends introduction of courses on Faculties of educational sciences during which students can learn about reading and writing difficulties and, also, can have more practical instructions, as well as additional education for primary teachers. By the action research she showed in which way primary teachers can help pupils that have reading and writing difficuties from 1st-4th grade in teaching the Croatian language, as well as how they can use language exercises in teaching.