| Sažetak | Prehrana je bitna u cijelom čovjekovom životu, ali najbitnija je u dječjoj dobi, kada dijete raste i razvija se. Djeca u doba intenzivnog rasta i razvoja bi trebala imati pet obroka u danu. To su: doručak, zajutrak, ručak, užina i večera. Zdrava hrana u sebi ima hranjive vrijednosti poput bjelančevina, ugljikohidrata, masti, vitamina i minerala. Svaka od tih hranjivih tvari doprinosi organizmu na neki način. Dijete u dobi od sedam do deset godina trebalo bi unijeti 1600 – 1800 kalorija za cijeli dan. Prehrana bi trebala biti raznovrsna i uravnotežena praćena tjelesnom aktivnošću. Djeca moraju biti svjesna i educirana da nema sva hrana hranjive vrijednosti. Prerađena hrana i napitci nisu zdravi i u kombinaciji s tjelesnom neaktivnošću dovode do pretilosti i raznih bolesti. Djeca oponašaju postupke ljudi koji ih okružuju, a to su najčešće roditelji, bake, djedovi, braća, sestre, učitelji. Stoga, svi oni koji okružuju dijete bi trebali biti dobri uzori jer kada djeca dođu u tinejdžersku dob, teže je promijeniti njihov stav o tjelesnoj aktivnosti i prehrani. Uz obitelj, škola i učitelji također ima veliki utjecaj na razvijanje prehrambenih navika kod djece. Oni svojim znanjem, trudom i primjerom trebaju ukazati djeci na važnost zdrave prehrane i tjelesne aktivnosti. Uz znanje i trud, svaka škola trebala bi omogućiti djeci obrok koji sadrži hranjive tvari važne za njihov rast i razvoj. U svrhu ovog rada provedeno je istraživanje kojim su se istražile prehrambene navike učenika prvih, drugih, trećih i četvrtih razreda područnih škola Osnovne škole Josipa Kozarca Semeljci. Istraživanjem se utvrdilo da učenici uglavnom imaju dobre prehrambene navike, ali da ipak neke stvari moraju popraviti. Ponajviše trebaju promijeniti navike preskakanja obroka, smanjiti unos slatkiša i grickalica, ali trebaju i poraditi na fizičkoj aktivnosti te se dodatno educirati o pravilnoj prehrani kako bi očuvali svoje zdravlje. |
| Sažetak (engleski) | Diet has a lot of influence during all stages of human life, but is most influential during childhood, when a child is growing and developing. While intensely growing and developing, children should have five meals per day. Those are: early breakfast, late breakfast, lunch, afternoon snack and dinner. Healthy food has healthy nutrition value and contains proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals. Each of these contributes to an organism in some way. A child aged seven to ten should consume 1600 - 1800 calories per day. A diet should be diverse and balanced followed by physical activity. Children need to be aware and educated about food and its unequal nutrition value. Processed food and drinks are not healthy and combined with lack of physical activity lead to obesity and other diseases. Children look up to people who surround them and those usually are their parents, grandparents and siblings. Therefore, all surrounding a child should be a good role model because when children reach adolescence it is harder to change their attitude towards physical activity and diet. With family, schools and teachers also have a big influence on developing children`s diet habits. With their knowledge, effort and example they should point to the importance of a healthy diet and physical activity. With knowledge and effort, every school should enable children a meal containing nutrition important for their growth and development. To support this writing, a research was conducted, a research of diet habits of first, second, third and fourth graders of region schools of the elementary school Josip Kozarac Semeljci. The research had shown that students mostly have good diet habits but improvement could to be made. Most needed improvements regarding habits are not only meal skipping and lowering candy and snacks consumption but also improving physical activity and continuation on education about a proper diet to preserve their health. |
