In this dissertation, using discourse analysis, the program content on migration from the publicly available archives of the leading German political parties (AfD, Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen, CDU, CSU, die Linke, SPD and the Pegida movement) was explored, as well as media content on the same topic in the following German newspapers: Berliner Morgenpost, Deutsche Welle, Die Zeit, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung and Freie Presse, covering the period from 2014 to 2018. The aim was to explore the production of myths in the Federal Republic of Germany as the dominant reaction and way of dealing with the critical situation that began in 2015 and was caused by the arrival of a large number of immigrants. Drawing on theories of structuration, identity and myth, as well as on the historical tropes of contemporary German collective imaginary, such as the origin (the genius of the nation), culture and the way of life, I argue that this particular critical situation undermined the sense of ontological security in German society and greatly influenced the emergence of nationalism and religious extremism. Germany was chosen as a case study in the analysis of the migrant crisis because of its significant regional and geopolitical position and its importance for the European continent and the European Union in particular, and above all because it has been using the issue of citizenship as a means and goal of integration throughout its modern history, and in terms of this research, from 1871 to 2018. The question of "who is a German" stretches for more than a century and inscribes itself into the attitude of German citizens and state policy toward recent migrations which happen at the crossroads of wars in the Arab world, market demands of German economy for labour, and cultural pressures to maintain the continuity of an ethnically homogeneous state. Myths by which ethnic Germans, under the influence of a critical situation, represented the Other were explored. In this particular case the Other is an immigrant coming from predominantly Muslim countries. As a result, four dominant myths were singled out: the myth of the open door, the myth of islamization, the myth of German fear (German Angst), and the new myth of the East. Their relationship to "historical", previously known myths, such as the myth of the special path (Sonderweg), the myth of Mitteleuropa, the myth of the stab in the back (Dolchstoß) and the myth of the East was also explored. The resulting insights showed what prejudices stand in the way of mutual respect between Germans and Muslim immigrants, whether they contribute to mutual regard or prevent it. The methodological model provided insights on how to use hegemonic discourse to alleviate cultural conflict in times of crisis, and how "mythical language" influenced the construction of social reality (creating and maintaining social solidarity, identity, behaviour and public policies). The research showed what direction of interethnic communication the established myths shaped, how Germans perceive national identity, what kind of society they want given the increased presence of immigrants, what position they want for their country in international relations, for example, a strong global position of Germany or a strong EU.