A working environment can have a negative impact on human health, especially work in industry. In the period from the fifties to the eighties of the 21st century, due to its good properties and low costs, asbestos was widely used in everyday life. In addition, in industries such as the shipbuilding, aerospace and electrical industries, asbestos builds the roofs and walls of houses and is also found in small home appliances. White asbestos or chrysotile, which has the softest structure in comparison with other types of asbestos fibers, is most common in the Republic of Croatia. Despite this, the number of asbestosis patients and consequently mesothelioma is increasing during the year. Body itself can degrade white asbestos fibers, but the mixture of amphibole and prolonged exposure can lead to asbestosis. Over time, the asbestos fiber pulmonary irritation transitions from the infalmmatory reaction to death of mesothelial cell. After a person has been exposed to high concentrations of dust with long time delays, mesothelioma cancer - pleural mesothelioma can develop. The structures invisible to most imaging methods are of great importance for the diagnosis of absestosis or mesothelioma. High-resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) is the imaging method that allows even the smallest details to be presented . Using thin slices and reconstruction algorithms, HRCT obtains a detailed representation of the pulmonary structures and pathology that is superior to standard CT scan of the thorax and radiography of the pulmonary organs. The aim of this retrospective analysis was to confirm or reject the association between the onset of asbestosis in patients diagnosed with high resolution computed tomography and malignant pleural mesothelioma. Between January 1st 2012 and January 31st 2016, 305 patient’s medical records were anonymously collected, with the approval of the Ethics Committee. In addition to conducting statistical analysis to confirm the association between asbestosis and mesothelioma, this study sought to determine which group, by gender, age and place of residence, was more likely to suffer from asbestosis.