Hydrotechnical channels are artificially constructed water courses and facilities for the spatial distribution of water. They represent one of the key elements in water management and play an important role in many areas of human life. As specialized systems for controlling and directing water, these canals help in various sectors such as agriculture, urban planning, environmental protection and energy production. In the context of increasing challenges such as climate change, urbanization and increased water needs, the role of hydrotechnical channels is becoming increasingly important. These systems enable the optimal distribution and control of water resources, reducing the risk of flooding, ensuring sufficient water for irrigation and helping to produce hydropower. Also, they enable efficient management of rainwater and prevent damages that may occur due to inappropriate drainage. The paper is focusing on various aspects of hydraulic channels, including their types, construction features, functional purposes and maintenance challenges. An example from practice that illustrates how these facilities are designed for specific needs is also presented.