| Sažetak | Dosadašnja istraživanja ističu značajnost trenerove uloge u procesu razvoja sportaša i njihove karijere. S obzirom na razne učinke trenerova ponašanja na sportaše važno je dodatno istražiti povezanost raznih čimbenika trenerovog ponašanja s nekim psihološkim pokazateljima kod sportaša. Glavni cilj ovog istraživanja je bio ispitati odnos između percipiranog ponašanja trenera i motivacije, samopouzdanja te zadovoljstva sportaša. Dodatni cilj bio je ispitati razlikuju li se sportaši i sportašice u motivaciji i samopouzdanju te ispitati odnos samopouzdanja, intrinzične motivacije i sportskog staža. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo ukupno 205 sudionika. Prosječna dob sudionika iznosi 22,08 godina (SD=3,746), a raspon dobi kreće se u rasponu od 18 do 34 godine. Korišteni su sljedeći mjerni instrumenti: Upitnik rukovođenja u sportu (Chelladurai i Saleh, 1980), Upitnik negativnog ponašanja trenera (Greblo Jurakić i Keresteš, 2017) za procjenu percipiranog trenerovog ponašanja, zatim Skala sportske motivacije (Pelletier i sur., 2013), Inventar sportskog samopouzdanja kao osobine (Vealey, 1986) te Upitnik o zadovoljstvu sportaša (Reimer i Chelladurai, 1998). Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da postoji razlika između sportašica i sportaša u amotivaciji, na način da sportašice pokazuju više razine amotivacije od sportaša. Sve su dimenzije pozitivnih trenerovih ponašanja pozitivno povezane s intrinzičnom motivacijom kao i s poistovjećenom regulacijom. S druge strane sve dimenzije negativnih trenerovih ponašanja su pozitivno povezane s amotivacijom te vanjskom regulacijom. Nadalje, sve dimenzije pozitivnog ponašanja trenera pozitivno su povezane sa svim dimenzijama zadovoljstva sportaša osim socijalne podrške i zadovoljstva osobnom posvećenošću. Sukladno tome sve su dimenzije negativnih ponašanja trenera negativno povezane sa svim dimenzijama zadovoljstva sportaša osim usmjerenosti na rezultat i zadovoljstva osobnom posvećenošću. Također je utvrđeno kako percepcija autokratskog ponašanja trenera predviđa amotivaciju kod sportaša. Samopouzdanje sportaša je povezano sa intrinzičnom motivacijom te sportskim stažem što znači kako sportašice i sportaši koji imaju više samopouzdanje također imaju i višu intrinzičnu motivaciju te duži sportski staž. Rezultati ovog istraživanja su omogućili dublje razumijevanje veze između percipiranih ponašanja trenera i motivacije, samopouzdanja te zadovoljstva sportaša. |
| Sažetak (engleski) | Previous research highlights the importance of the coaching role in the process of developing athletes and their careers. Considering the various effects of coaching behavior on athletes, it is important to additionally investigate the connection of various factors of coaching behavior with some psychological indicators in athletes. The primary aim of this study was to examine the relationship between perceived coach behavior and athletes' motivation, self-confidence, and satisfaction. An additional objective was to investigate whether there are differences between male and female athletes in motivation and self-confidence, as well as to explore the relationship between self-confidence, intrinsic motivation, and athletic experience. A total of 205 participants were involved in this study, with an average age of 22.08 years (SD=3.746), ranging from 18 to 34 years. The following measurement instruments were used: the Leadership Scale for Sports (Chelladurai & Saleh, 1980), the Negative Coach Behavior Questionnaire (Greblo Jurakić & Keresteš, 2017) to assess perceived coach behavior, the Sport Motivation Scale (Pelletier et al., 2013), the Trait Sport-Confidence Inventory (Vealey, 1986), and the Athlete Satisfaction Questionnaire (Reimer & Chelladurai, 1998). The results indicate that there is a difference between male and female athletes in terms of amotivation, with female athletes exhibiting higher levels of amotivation. All dimensions of positive coach behavior were positively associated with intrinsic motivation and identified regulation. Conversely, all dimensions of negative coach behavior were positively associated with amotivation and external regulation. Furthermore, all dimensions of positive coach behavior were positively correlated with all dimensions of athlete satisfaction, except for social support and satisfaction with personal commitment. Similarly, all dimensions of negative coach behavior were negatively associated with all dimensions of athlete satisfaction, except for a focus on results and satisfaction with personal commitment. It was also found that the perception of autocratic coach behavior predicts amotivation in athletes. Athletes' self-confidence was linked to intrinsic motivation and athletic experience, indicating that athletes with higher self-confidence also have higher intrinsic motivation and longer athletic experience. The results of this study provide a deeper understanding of the relationship between perceived coach behavior and athletes' motivation, self-confidence, and satisfaction. |
