This paper addresses the complex topic of emotions, which has been a challenging research field due to the difficulty of defining and measuring them. Traditionally, emotions have been viewed as internal and personal reactions, so it is not surprising that they have predominantly been studied through the lens of psychology. However, following Hochschild's cultural analysis of emotions in 1983, new theoretical approaches to the study of emotions from a sociological perspective began to develop. The main question that has troubled sociologists studying emotions has been: Are emotions socially constructed or the result of a biological evolution? The debate has highlighted two opposing views: the biological perspective, which emphasizes the biological foundations of emotions, and the constructivist perspective, which underscores the social construction of emotions. The aim of this research paper was to analyze existing sociological approaches to emotions and to emphasize their importance in the social context. The paper focuses on the attempt to define emotions. Klaus Scherer's component process model of emotions is used as the primary reference. Additionally, various affective phenomena such as feelings, moods, and attitudes are explored, as well as how they differ from emotions. Special attention is given to distinguishing between primary emotions, which are universal to all human beings, and secondary emotions, which are more socially constructed.