Over the last fifty years in Croatia there have been many changes in the structure of the family, the share of alternative family forms, and the number of born children in and outside the marriage. Along with the above-mentioned changes, there have been many others like those related to the education and participation of women in the labor market. All listed changes could be reflected on poverty, so the question arises what implications changes in the composition, socio-demographic and socio-economic characteristics of household members have for the objective and subjective situation of the families in terms of poverty. This paper analyzes the relationship between family structure, income, and subjective poverty, based on available data in the Survey on Income and Living Conditions for 2015. The main objective of the research can be divided into two parts: 1.) The first objective is to investigate the impact of family structure on income based on several factors: marital status, household type (size and number of children), and work intensity of a household, 2.) The second aim is to explore the influence of the same factors, with the equivalised disposable income as an additional predictor, on the likelihood of subjective poverty. The results of multiple linear regression show that marriage and especially work intensity of a household have a positive impact on family income, while the hypotheses of household type influence have only been partially confirmed. Logistic regression found that marriage, cohabitation and equivalised disposable income reduce the likelihood of subjective poverty, while the hypotheses of household type influence and work intensity of a household influence have only been partially confirmed.