Neuroblastoma is a malignant neuroendocrine tumor originating from a primitive cell of the sympathetic nervous system. It is the most common extracranial solid tumor in pediatric age group. It is the third most common cancer in children. Almost 90 percent of neuroblastomas occure in children under the age of 5. The average age at diagnosis is 17 months. It most often occurs in the abdomen, thorax, neck and pelvis. The clinical presentation varies with regard to the primary location of the tumor and the presence of metastasis. Clinical presentation includes abdominal mass, proptosis, periorbital ecchymosis, Horner's syndrome, paraspinal mass, neurologic deficits, bladder dysfunction, and opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia. Various laboratory and imaging methods are used to diagnose neuroblastoma. Definitive diagnosis is based on pathohistological findings. Surgical treatment is a key component of multidisciplinary treatment, with the choice of operative approach largely depending on the anatomic location and extent of the tumor. An open surgical approach to the tumor is preferred because it is a reliable way to completely remove the tumor mass. The advantage of the minimal invasive approach compared to the open surgical approach is less intraoperative blood loss, shorter thoracal drainage time, less pain and shorter hospital stay. Depending on the stage of the tumor, patients with neuroblastoma experience surgical complications at a rate between 2 and 25%. The main complications of localized neuroblastoma resection are: vascular injury, kidney loss, chylotrax, diarrhea, Horner's syndrome, intestinal adhesive obstruction, and neural injury.