Dyslipidemias are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by abnormalities in blood lipid concentrations. They represent one of the leading risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which makes their treatment an important part of CVD prevention. Among dyslipidemias, hypercholesterolemia is clinically the most significant. Therapeutic measures, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological, emphasize the importance of LDL-C reduction due to its central role in the progression of atherosclerosis. Non-pharmacological measures, including regular physical activity, weight reduction, appropriate diet, moderate alcohol consumption and smoking cessation, are recommended for all patients with an abnormal lipid profile as the initial step in the treatment. An individualized approach to each patient is crucial for achieving optimal results and the selection of appropriate pharmacotherapy is based on the patient's lipid profile, cardiovascular risk (CV risk) and presence of comorbidities. Guidelines recommend high-intensity statin therapy up to the maximum tolerated dose as the first step towards achieving target LDL-C levels. Different target values are defined for each CV risk category. If the target LDL-C is not achieved, therapy is intensified, most commonly by adding ezetimibe and/or PCSK9 inhibitors. Combinations of different drugs can be used to achieve optimal results in reducing CV risk.