Pathology is a morphological science that studies diseases. It focuses on determining the cause and pathophysiological mechanisms of diseases to better understand the clinical picture and timely prepare the best therapy. In diagnostic pathology, laboratory methods play a crucial role. The conventional pathohistological analysis of specimens under a light microscope is most used, and like all methods, it has its advantages and disadvantages. With the advancement of technology, numerous alternative methods for tissue analysis have emerged that could complement the conventional ones. Mass spectrometry, which identifies molecules based on the ratio of their properties; mass and charge (m/z) in a complex chemical reaction, shows great potential. It is suitable for identifying lipids and proteins in diseases, and one of its advantages is that a single tissue section is sufficient for analysis. Atomic force microscopy is a highresolution method that provides information about early changes in tissue elasticity, cellular adhesion, and the topographic appearance of specimens based on the attractive or repulsive forces between the probe tip and the specimen surface. It can be used to examine the tumor microenvironment. Raman spectroscopy is the first of the three spectroscopies discussed, which obtains data about molecules based on inelastic scattering of photons. It is suitable for distinguishing apoptosis from necrosis and determining hypoxia. Laser spectroscopy obtains information about the concentration of chem ical compounds and molecules even in thicker tissues because it is based on measuring the difference between tissue in an excited state (plasma) and tissue at rest. Infrared spectroscopy measures the transmitted spectral lines through tissue and provides precise information about the morphological structure of the tissue. Finally, the principle of digital pathology is based on scanning sample slides and their long-term virtual storage, multiple and complex analyses which open new diagnostic possibilities, and multiple sharing options which represent a significant innovation in educational opportunities and telemedicine collaboration.