Medical transportation of critically ill patients is a daily occurrence in the medical field. Those patients are developing, or have already developed life-threatening conditions, which require early diagnosis, and prompt intensive care. Because of this, the decision to transport such patients should be made after weighing the objective benefits against potentials risks for the patient. There exist various transport modalities, each of which has specific considerations which have to be taken into consideration prior to initiating transportation. The composition of the transport team depends on the patient in question, but usually includes at least a physician and a nurse. The transportation process should be holistically approached, keeping the condition and illness of the transported patient in mind, and foreseeing possible issues and complications. Different evidence-based guidelines, protocols and checklists, as well as standardized and adapted equipment and monitoring can be of great help in this regard. The most important part of the transfer is the pre-transport examination and stabilization of the patient, because it minimizes a great number of potential complications. During transport, the patient should be continually monitored and examined, and any arising issues treated rapidly and adequately. The transportation process ends with the handover and preparation for the next transport. It is important to state the role of communication and documentation during the entire transport process. In the case of specialized transports there exist special guidelines and protocols which supplement or supplant the normal ones. During the transportation process, the patient experiences various physiological alterations and risks, which can lead to issues and complications, negatively affecting patient outcomes. Adequate preparation and education, as well as modern technology are greatly helpful in minimizing these adverse events. Because we can expect a continuous increase in the number of transported patients, standardization and updating of existing guidelines, protocols and checklists. Staff education and integration of technology into their work, as well as continual evaluation of the entire transportation process should be done in order to improve patient outcomes.