Cartilaginous growth plates are structure inside the bone tissue. They are located between the epiphysis and the metaphysis of long bones in children and adolescents. They consist of growing cartilaginous tissue in which enchondral ossification occurs, causing long bones to grow in length. There are at least two growth plates on each long bone (one at each end). Since they are the weakest part of the growing bone, the growth plates are vulnerable to injuries. Growth plate injuries mostly occur during the period of rapid physical growth in adolescents. Most of these injuries occur in the long bones of the extremities (most commonly radius, tibia and fibula) and fingers. If not treated properly, injuries of the growth plate can lead to growth disorders. This can cause an injured limb to be shorter than the opposite, uninjured limb. Such complications can be avoided with the adequate surgical treatment combined with anatomical realignment and fixation of the fragments. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of an inflammation that can lead to growth plate injury is also very important. Bone deformities caused by growth plate injuries can also be treated with corrective surgery during or after the period of bone growth and development. The following thesis summarizes the results of the recent studies concerning the pathology, diagnosis and treatment of growth plate injuries of the extremities, especially growth plate injuries of the femur, tibia, humerus, radius and ulna.