Day case surgery is a relatively new and increasingly practiced approach of providing care to surgical patients. It is a result of strong economic pressures on health care services targeted to minimize hospital cost. Such change in approach has been enabled by advancement in surgical and anaesthesia technique and technology, development of moderns anaesthetics and growth in knowledge and experience. A prerequisite of successful treatment in day case surgery is a careful selection of suitable surgical procedures for suitable patients, patient preparation, proper selection of anaesthetic techniques, and anaesthetics. Multidisciplinary approach is recommended when selecting patients while taking into account surgical, medical and social criteria. The anaesthesiologist has a great responsibility for patient care. Most of the day case procedures in carefully assessed and selected patients do not result in a significant surgical trauma therefore discharge of patients mostly depends on recovery from anaesthesia. Patient discharge may be delayed by postoperative complications such as pain and postoperative nausea and vomiting. It is the anaesthesiologists task to prevent mentioned complications and in that way preserve the concept of outpatient surgery for the benefit of patients and the health care system altogether.