Cutaneous melanoma is a malignant tumor originating from malignant mutation of epidermal melanocytes, with the tendency of aggressive metastasizing both through lymphatic and vascular system. It can occur from previously present nevus or de novo and is manifested as changes in color, shape, dimension and borders of the skin lesions, potentially accompanied with bleeding, erosions, ulcerations and clinical signs of inflammation. Clinical manifestation of cutaneous melanoma varies, dependent on growth pattern and body part where it originates. Early diagnosis is the key factor in decreasing the risk of fatal outcome for melanoma patients, because the thickness of the neoplasm that grows with time is directly correlated with prognosis of the disease outcome. Along with clinical examination, patient history, dermatoscopy, analysis of melanoma markers and immunological testing, there is a growing importance of information and education of the public regarding benefits and methods for early melanoma detection by skin self-examination. Treatment approach, as well as prognosis of the disease outcome are closely related to disease stage which is determined according to 8th AJCC melanoma classification from 2018, as well as personal attributes of the patient and melanoma type. Therapeutic approaches can be surgical excision, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, photodynamic therapy (PDT), immunotherapy and genetically targeted therapy.