Colon cancer due to the growing incidence represents a serious health problem, and thus an increasing diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The development of modern diagnostic methods significantly contributes to the improvement and treatment of certain diseases, particularly early detection of cancer at a time when surgical interventions allow healing. Colon cancer mortality is reduced by 2-3% annually due to the advancement and innovation in treatment. Clinical overview of the patients involving the history, patient difficulties, physical examination, which is the most important part of the digital examination, is a fundamental part in diagnosing colon cancer. On the basis of a clinical examination, further tests are indicated to establish a diagnosis. Operative surgery is a fundamental part of the treatment of colon cancer, and its effectiveness depends on the size and extent of the tumor. The operation can be carried out by an open "classical" operation and a laparoscopic operation. Laparoscopic surgery for colon cancer has been and is being developed for more than 20 years. Laparoscopic surgery has been accepted for benign diseases of the digestive system as a choice method and for palliative procedures where malignant disease has advanced. Laparoscopic Colon Cancer Surgery is still a method of choice for a surgeon, but it is believed that its further development and numerous benefits to patients will become the golden standard for treating colon cancer. The duration of survival of the patient after surgery depends on the tumor stage and the histological test result independent of the selected surgical intervention method. The results after both types of surgery are approximately equal, except that laparoscopic surgery has many advantages that allow easier postoperative recovery of the patient and quicker return to everyday life. After the operation of utmost importance are regular controls, including CEA determination, endoscopic control, CT, ultrasonic examination, and, if necessary, magnetic resonance imaging.