Back pain is one of the leading health problem nowadays, primarily caused by lifestyle changes, and affects the younger population, especially in the third decade of life. Due to the long duration of the problem, the tendency of recurrent pain pattern and frequent absence from the workplace is a major social and financial problem. There are various entities that can cause pain, and one of them is a herniated disc. The most common place where a herniated disk forms is the lumbar spine. Symptoms such as pain, paresthesia of the limbs, uncontrolled sphincter and reduced spinal mobility cause a significant reduction in the quality of life and performance of everyday activities. The aim of this review is to show the problem of low back pain, especially due to a herniated disc in the lumbar spine, the way patients are presented, and diagnostics, as well as modalities of nonpharmacological, pharmacological and operative treatment. The focus of the review is on rehabilitation after the herniated disc surgery, and the phases of the program itself will be divided over several weeks. Each patient should be accessed individually, since most patients differ according to their usual activities and requirements for normal functioning. There are numerous rehabilitation and modification programs, depending on the patients' needs, and here the basis that must be adhered to will be presented. The importance of educating the patient about his illness, lifestyle, postoperative adherence to accurate instructions, and gradualness throughout the rehabilitation process is emphasized throughout the entire rehabilitation program.