Transgender, transsexual and gender dysphoria refer to incongruence between gender and assigned sex at birth. Individuals who identifiy with these conditions are prone to stigmatization, discrimination and abuse. In addition, they tend to experience high rates of mental health problems, such as deppresion, anxiety and suicide attempts. Children are more likely to present with gender incongruence than adults, but in most cases such condition dissapears by the time of puberty. In adults, the estimated prevalence is 1:30,000 for assigned men and 1:100,000 for assigned women. The World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH) provides clinical guidance for health professionals to assist individuals who present themselves with gender dysphoria. This aid may include mental heath services, hormone therapy, surgery and support for changes in gender expression and gender role, such as name, wardrobe and behaviour changes. The number and type of mentioned interventions may differ from person to person. Before any physical appearance interventions, extensive exploration of underlying psychological and social issues should be undertaken. Mental health professionals, such as pyscologists and psychiatrists, evaluate the psychosocial adjustment of individuals. If this evaluation results in gender dysphoria diagnosis, endocrinologists and mental health professionals should make sure that it is not secondary to other diagnoses. At that point, the possible hormonal and surgical treatment can be discussed. The treatment individuals undertake is shown to be very effective in alleviating symptoms of gender dysphoria, as well as increasing quality of life and mental health. Access to hormonal and surgical therapy is restricted for individuals in Croatia. Moreover, Croatian health insurance does not cover the costs of mentioned treatment. Creating national guidelines for medical and legal organization of care should be considered.