Aortic dissection is a medical emergency with high mortality, even with today’s advanced diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Numerous studies describe an important role of inflammation in the parthenogenesis and development of aortic dissection and in the period after its occurrence. The aim of this thesis was to analyze the prognostic role of inflammatory biomarkers in patients with type A aortic dissection. The Medline database was searched for related articles. The search was performed by keywords and additionally by a manual search. First, articles were excluded based on title and abstract, then the full texts were evaluated in detail. Finally, 26 articles were included in this systematic review. The included articles analyze white blood cell count, platelet count and plasma concentration of D-dimer, C-reactive protein and fibrinogen in patients with type A aortic dissection. All these inflammatory biomarkers were provided separately for survived and deceased patients. In this thesis, the values of inflammatory biomarkers in survived and deceased patients were compared. The comparison showed an association between white blood cell and platelet count and plasma concentration of D-dimer, C-reactive protein and fibrinogen with in-hospital mortality. The deceased patients had higher white blood cell counts, lower platelet counts, higher concentrations of D-dimer and C-reactive protein and lower concentrations of fibrinogen compared to the survived patients. This systematic review indicates a prognostic role of inflammatory biomarkers in patients with type A aortic dissection.