Author describes several neurological diseases and conditions that require neurosurgical intervention, analyses stress typical for neurosurgical patient and influence of that stress on autonomic nervous system and psychological and physical readiness of the patient for the operation and also analyses elements of preoperational preparation of neurosurgical patient. Some of neurosurgical diseases and conditions that require neurosurgical intervention are traumatic brain injuries, brain tumors, aneurysms, disc hernias and spinal tumors. Nerosurgical patient is typically exposed to intensive stress even before the diagnosis of the neurosurgical condition or disease, and after the diagnosis and during preparation for the neurosurgical intervention. Exposure to stress diminishes his psychological and physical readiness and therefore decreases probability of successful outcome of operation. Therefore one of crucial factors of preoperational intervention is ameliorating patient's stress and nurse has a critical role in that process. Advising role of nurses is one of their most important interventions. Nurses, as the most numerous members of medical team spend the most time with patient.Interventions which are currently not a typical part of preoperational intervention set such as meditation and music therapy can have great importance in stress amelioration. Preoperational preparation of neurosurgical patient includes giving procedural information about neurosurgical intervention and different preparational medical procedures for the operation. Finally, the quality of preoperational preparation could be further increased by introduction of preoperational neurosurgical check lists, i.e. list of all procedures included in preoperational preparation of neurosurgical patient.