The black widow spider bite causes one of the globally most important forms of araneisms, which are clinical syndromes caused by spider bites. The genus to which the black widow spiders belong has several species of spiders, the most important of which is the Mediterranean black widow - in our region; other species of black widows inhabit the world, with whom the Mediterranean black widow shares a certain part of its characteristics. Morphologically, all black widows have a characteristic appearance, which is why they are recognized in the population, and only a female black widow, which is the only one which can bite a human because of its anatomical characteristics, is dangerous. This spider is highly toxic and the result of its bite is a clinical syndrome known as latrodectism, which comes with its specific symptomatology and epidemiology. The black widow spider venom is a blend of various proteins, one of which is extremely toxic to vertebrates through its mechanism of interaction with nerve receptors. Clinical syndrome manifests itself locally and systematically. Latrodectism generally goes without complications or sequelae. The aforementioned clinical syndrome can be successfully treated in a number of ways, of which the use of antilatrodectic serum is central. The incidence of latrodectism can be reduced by preventive measures.