Lung cancer is one of the leading non-infectious diseases in the world. It is the leading cause of death from malignancies with more than 1 500 000 deaths. The onset of lung cancer is mainly related to smoking. The main problem of this disease is its late diagnosis. Classical chemotherapy and radiotherapy didn't give expected resaults in treatement of progressive disease. They prolong a patient's life for a relatively short amount of time and do not offer complete healing. The knowledge that the immune system plays a major role in cancerogenesis opens up new possibilities for cancer treatement. The idea behind this therapy is to stimulate the antitumor mechanisms and direct inhibition of tumor's growth. The principles of immunotherapy are mostly based on the manipultion of antybodies, immune cells and key receptors. The anti-tumor vaccines have been developed, but they didn't show effective resaults. Checkpoint blockers have shown good efficiency in the treatement of patients with lung cancer previously treated with classic chemotherapy. Adoptive cell therapy collects immune cells from peripheral blood or the tumor itself and expand the tumor specific cell line ex-vivo. Recent genetic engineering research has focused on the creation of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) on the surface of T-cells. The advantage of a synthetically created CARs is its abillity to bypass the tumor-supressed MHC molecule. The main goal of research is developement of tumor biomarkers that could be used in evaluation of therapy efficiency and as predictive factors. Immunotherapy has some limitations such as adequate selection of patients, autoimmune toxicity and high price. New insights in field of immunooncology and newly discovered molecular features of the tumor have set the groundwork for perfecting the existing and seeking for the new treatement.