During recent decades, the number of patients diagnosed with malignant diseases has been increasing both in Europe and the rest of the world. At the same time, large funds have been invested in the research and development of new pharmaceuticals used in oncologic therapy, which led to an increase in patient survival rates. Conventional therapies, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery and hormonal therapy, mark improvements in effectiveness and safety of administration and continue to be a standard model of treating malignancies. Advances in understanding growth and proliferation of malignant cells have enabled development of newer therapies such as immunotherapy and targeted therapy. However, numerous complications continue to emerge, including mucocutaneous complications that patients face during treatments, which have a significant impact on the course of treatment and treatment outcome. Alopecia occurs most often, accompanied by mucositis, xerosis, pruritus, hyperpigmentation, acral erythema and nail changes being among many other common complications. Depending on the oncologic therapy applied, as well as the length of the overall treatment and the general condition of the patient, mucocutaneous changes can range from mild to those that are life-threatening. Early detection, monitoring and adequate treatment of mucocutaneous complications could prevent interruption, reduction or permanent discontinuation of oncologic therapies. This master thesis is the literature review that describes oncologic therapy modalities, as well as various mucocutaneous complications that might occur as a result of the therapy applied and presents their possible treatments.