Gut microbiota has a lot of different roles in the human body. Firstly, it is included in metabolic processes. Metabolites of microbiota have an important role in the regulation of homeostasis in the human body, and they interfere with several cell signaling pathways. There is a high variability in the composition of microbiota between people. Change in the diversity and functionality of microbiota is called dysbiosis. Moreover, some bacteria can disrupt the intestinal barrier. If the intestinal barrier is disrupted, metabolic products, hormones and cell components reach the liver, where the immune response occurs. Dysbiosis has an impact on the metabolism of substances, which act as signal molecules in the organism and disturb its balance. Therefore, these are suggested mechanisms in the pathogenesis of liver diseases like primary sclerosing cholangitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, or alcoholic liver disease. Treatment targeted on microbiota and its products represents new hope in the development of therapeutic possibilities that could impact liver disease progression. Nowadays, science has just started to notice the importance of the microbiota in the pathophysiology of diseases in several different organ systems. Furthermore, this paper reviews articles about microbiota and provides the latest information on its role in the pathogenesis of liver diseases like primary sclerosing cholangitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic fatty liver disease, and others. Also, it provides information about future therapeutic possibilities directed towards the manipulation of gut microbiota.