Otosclerosis is a metabolic bone disease that affects the otic capsule and the stapes footplate. Due to the pathological deposition of bone in the bony labyrinth, the normal conduction of sound waves towards the inner ear is interfered with, causing hearing loss. With clinical prevalence of about 0.4% among the Caucasian population, it is one of the most common causes of acquired deafness, and women are affected almost 2 times more often than men. Otosclerosis is a complex disease in which many environmental, genetic and immune factors are considered partially responsible for its occurrence, but much of the etiology itself remains unclear. The clinical presentation is dominated by progressive conductive hearing loss that occurs between the ages of fifteen and forty, while dizziness and tinnitus may occur as accompanying symptoms. If the disease itself affects the cochlea, sensorineural hearing loss can develop on top of already developed conductive loss. The diagnosis is based on medical history, clinical examination and audiometric examination of hearing. A typical finding of pure tone audiometry shows an air – bone gap indicative for conductive hearing loss, especially at lower frequencies. Otosclerosis can be treated conservatively and surgically, but surgical methods show a significant advantage over pharmacological therapy and thus are preferred. Surgical techniques have evolved and changed significantly throughout history until the development of today's stapedotomy method. In the surgical management of otosclerosis, LASER is successfully used, which due to its high precision and reduced invasiveness causes fewer complications with equal or better outcomes compared to conventional surgical methods.