Retina is functionally the most important part of the eye. It provides visual acuity, field of vision, the sense of light, colour, contrast and brightness. The macula is an oval area in the centre of retina, the size of about 5.5 mm and is responsible for the detailed, central vision. Its central part, foveola, represents the place of the clearest vision. Therefore, pathological processes that affect the macula lead to a reduction in central visual acuity with the often distorted image and disrupted colour vision. Age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy are among the most common macular diseases and the most common causes of the observed visual acuity. Some less common causes of cystoid macular include oedema and retinal vein occlusion. Pathophysiologically, the main cause of reduced visual acuity is macular oedema. The mechanisms that lead to it are very complex and still not fully understood. Key role is played by the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and inflammatory cytokines, whose joint action increases vascular permeability. Prevention of such a disease development, by reducing the inflammation and blocking angiogenesis, is located in the substrate of the macular diseases' treatment. Corticosteroids, as anti-inflammatory drugs, have recently been turned out to be effective in the treatment of macular diseases. The use of corticosteroid intravitreal implants provides continuous release of the drug and the constant monitoring of inflammatory developments. On the other hand, it reduces the need for application of intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF drugs and associated complications and costs. In the future, corticosteroid implants could become the basic therapy, to which is added the treatment by laser or anti-VEGF drugs, as a combined therapy of macular diseases.