Differentiation of trophoblast cells is a process that involves an epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMT) in which components of the Wnt signaling pathways play a crucial role. SFRP1 and SFRP3 act as Wnt antagonists, tending to maintain the characteristics of epithelial cells while TCF1 is implicated in trophoblast cell invasion. The aim of this study was to analyse the expression of Wnt signaling pathway antagonists, SFRP1 and SFRP3 proteins, and its positive regulator TCF1 in normal and pathological placentas ( IUGR, hypertensive disorders, gestatonal diabetes). An independent marker of epithelial phenotype ELF5, was chosen to additionally confirm our findings. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated elevated levels of SFRP1 and SFRP3 in normal preterm compared to term placentas. Total levels of SFRP1 and SFRP 3 proteins were also increased in all groups of pathological placentas compared to term controls. Interestingly, there was no statistical difference between normal preterm and term IUGR and preeclamptic placentas. Placentas from pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes showed lower expression of SFRP1 and SFRP3 in chorionic villi and higher total levels of TCF1, demonstrating a more expressed trophoblastic proliferation. Lower levels of SFRP3 were also found in chorionic villi of preterm pathological placentas compared to healthy placentas, while its expression in decidual tissue was similar to SFRP1. These findings suggest the involvement of SFRP3 in cell growth promotion of normal villous tissue and indicate that SFRP3 may play a dual role during placentation. ELF5 expression was lower in healthy preterm than in term placentas, indicating active EMT. Pathological preterm and term placentas showed significantly higher ELF5 levels compared to control groups. These findings establish ELF5 as a suppressor of EMT in pathological pregnancies. Our data support the theory in which Wnt pathway has a dynamic role in the pathogenesis of IUGR, hypertensive disorders and gestational diabetes. We also found significant association of ELF5 with pregnancy disorders which have been related to the regulation of trophoblastic invasion and differentiation. We can conclude that impaired regulation of the Wnt signalling pathways can disrupt tissue homeostasis and lead to different pregnancy-related diseases.