The extracorporeal membrane oxygenation system (ECMO) is a relatively new method, which changed the course of treatment of the most severe forms of cardiorespiratory failure and had its beginning in the treatment of the pediatric population in the fifties of the last century. Prominent success in the treatment of adults with ECMO was demonstrated during the H1N1 flu epidemic in 2009 and has been growing exponentially ever since. A reduction in patient mortality and a good quality of life after recovery was also achieved with the use of ECMO during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, which began in 2020. Due to the complexity of the method, the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) recommends the creation of centers dedicated to the treatment of patients requiring ECMO, which requires interhospital transport of patients from reference hospitals to regional ECMO centers. Although the interhospital transport of patients from one medical institution to another for higher level of care is not a rare phenomenon and is systematized by the ABCDE approach, the transport of patients with ECMO support or the rescue of patients in external institutions with ECMO implantation adds an additional level of complexity to the already complicated task of transporting critically ill patients. This raises the need for a protocol for ECMO transport, which will enable the safe organization and implementation of care for two circulations, intracorporeal and extracorporeal, during transport. In 2022, ELSO publishes guidelines for the transport of adult and pediatric patients on ECMO support, which aim to provide ECMO centers with a reference for providing primary and secondary mobile ECMO services, thereby increasing the availability of this resource to critically ill patients. Checklists, regular practice including simulations and training, effective staff coordination and available tools to adequately manage difficult complications are key elements in providing safe and effective ECMO transport with low mortality outcomes.